Heating accounts for 47% to 60% of domestic energy expenditure, with Spanish households spending 640 euros annually according to the OCU. Recent INE data shows October inflation at 4.9%, while electricity and liquid fuel prices rose by 11.4% and more.
The IDAE recommends keeping thermostats between 20°C and 21°C, as each extra degree raises consumption by 7%. Efficiency can be improved by purging cold radiators, ensuring five centimetres of clearance above units, and limiting ventilation to ten minutes.
System performance is further enhanced by zoning via thermostatic valves and removing furniture obstacles. Sto Ibérica notes that thermal bridges cause 30% to 40% of energy loss in uninsulated buildings, making efficient heat management vital for costs.